chemotaxis of rhizobium phaseoli towards flavones and other related compounds

Abstract

The formation of nitrogen-fixing nodules on leguminous plants is the result of a highly specific interaction between the host plant and the soil bacterium Rhizobium. Two observations suggest that chemotaxis may play a role in the establishment of the legume-Rhizobium symbiosis: 1) The widespread occurence of Rhizobium species with flagella (Gotz, 1982; Carlile. 1980)2) The copious exudation into the soil surrounding legume roots of a wide variety of potentially chemotactic compounds which include amino acids, sugars and sugar-acids. (Beringer et.al.,1979). Recently the plant flavones luteolin (3,44,7 - Tetra - hydroxyflavone) and apigenin (4,5,7 - Trihydroxy-flavone) have been reported as inducers of Rhizobium nodulation genes (Peters, 1986, Rolfe 1986). We report here that R. phaseoli (RP8002) exhibits positive chemotaxis toward both flavones. Other diverse compounds tested elicited different responses. An understanding of the influence of flavones in two events such as chemotaxis and nodulation efficiency can be valuable to clarify their action in the intricate legume-rhizobia interaction.