A clash of civilisations? Culture and ideology in US-Iran relations since 1979

Abstract

This thesis explores US-Iran relations since 1979, emphasising the cultural and ideological aspects of the relationship. It aims to examine why, despite opportunities, a constructive dialogue has not yet been achieved. It challenges the US's stated view of Iranian foreign policy and argues that it is the preponderance of ideology in the relationship, not the US's strategic concerns with Iranian behaviour, that has thwarted rapprochement. It uses Gramsci's ideas on hegemony to examine firstly, the ideological conflict between the two since 1979 and secondly, the remarkable consensus of attitudes towards Iran in Washington. Within the thesis, the impact on relations of the 'Track 2' process. President Khatami and the Israeli lobby in Washington are also examined. The thesis concludes that, until the ideological aspects of the relationship are addressed and until perceptions and attitudes are challenged, there can be no way forward for relations.