Developing an evidence-based recommendation to communicate physical activity knowledge for disabled adults with various health statuses in Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

One of the key challenges faced by disabled people in leading active lifestyles is the lack of access to physical activity (PA) information. This challenge is further exacerbated by the limited research on health status and impairments, which intersects with social and environmental barriers, making access to PA information even more difficult. The primary aim of this thesis was to develop evidence-based recommendations to communicate PA knowledge for disabled adults with various health statuses in Saudi Arabia (SA). To achieve the primary aim, research objectives were established to understand the preferences of disabled adults with various health statuses regarding knowledge (including message content), key messengers, formats, and delivery mechanisms to support inclusivity. The objectives were accomplished through the use of a sequential mixed-methods design. First, the preferences of adults with disabilities (n = 559) regarding PA knowledge communication were measured through a carefully designed questionnaire based on trends, disability type, and health status. The quantitative research used descriptive analysis and chi-square tests to reveal diverse preferences among disabled adults with various health statuses for knowledge (including message content), trusted messengers, formats, and delivery mechanisms. Subsequently, interviews were conducted with 56 disabled adults of varying health statuses and analysed using a deductive-inductive thematic analysis to explore the underlying reasons and rationales behind their preferences for specific PA knowledge communication. The findings demonstrated a preference for formulating national PA guidelines for disabled persons to mitigate personal, environmental, and social obstacles for PA. Additionally, it was preferable to adapt formats and channels to deliver culturally, contextually, and health-appropriate PA message content to disabled individuals with various health conditions. The best PA messengers for sustainability were coaches, whereas health professionals were favoured for health. The research concludes by outlining methodological, policy, and practical implications and recommendations for advancing PA communication among disabled adults.