Studies on the Response of Plants to
Copper Nanoparticles

Abstract

The use of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) shows promise in enhancing plant growth, but
their effects depend on concentration, size, and surface chemistry. High copper levels can
be toxic, causing oxidative stress and cell damage, though plants have developed
mechanisms to tolerate metal stress. Proposed pathways activated by CuNPs include
hormonal response, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and interaction with the cytoskeleton.
Nanoparticle size and morphology affect interactions with plants and microbes, and their
bioavailability depends on various factors. The aim of the work described in this thesis was
to characterise the biological responses of plants to CuNPs at the phenotypic and molecular
levels. Proteomic and transcriptomic analysis in Arabidopsis reveals differential expression
of stress response genes and cellular signalling pathways, providing new information on
plant responses. Willow trees show potential for copper uptake, suggesting
phytoremediation possibilities. Understanding CuNP environmental impacts is crucial for
safe use, and investigating protein interactions, post-translational modifications, and
different nanoparticle types can offer insights. This research can aid in developing
sustainable remediation methods and safe industrial applications of CuNPs.