The development of modern education in Bahrain, Kuwait and Qatar with special reference to the education of women and their position in modern Gulf society

Abstract

This work describes the development of education in Bahrain, Kuwait and Qatar from the earlier 'Kuttabs' to the present modern system, with special reference to the education of women. It deals with the growth and development of modern school education, technical and vocational education, teacher-training programmes, and university and higher education. Quantitative aspects such as total enrolment of students and enrolment rates, and qualitative aspects such as repeat and drop-out rates, the academic performance of students, the curricula and courses of study, teaching standards, teaching staff and their qualifications are described and discussed in detail. The efficiency and productivity of the institutions in relation to their historical background, the present attitudes of society, the organisational and planning problems, and government policies are discussed in relation to schools, technical colleges and universities in order to evaluate the successes or failures of the existing system of education. The underlying objectives and actual achievements of various educational programmes and policies are considered in relation to their suitability for meeting the growing demands for national manpower and for reducing the over-dependence of these Gulf States on foreign workers and experts. Recommendations to resolve some of these problems are made where possible. Special attention is given throughout to the development of women's education and its effect on the social status of Gulf women. The aims of education for women are described and compared with those of education for men. Finally, the effect of women's education on their role in present-day Gulf society is discussed in terms of attitudes of society, family structure, women's societies and organisations, women's participation in the workforce and their political status.